Mummification
In this activity we will learn about how natural materials can preserve things, like in the ancient process of mummification!
Learning Objectives
Practice science process skills: observation, experimentation
Build basic knowledge of preserving materials through a chemical process
Materials
Apple (cut in quarters)
1 tbsp baking soda
2 tbsp table salt
Two containers or cups
Activity Instructions
Place one slice of apple into each container and label one of the containers “mummified”
Mix together the baking soda and salt
Pour the baking soda and salt mixture over the apple slice in the “mummified” container until fully covered
Leave apples to sit for at least one week
Examining the Experiment
After one week, shake out the salt mixture. What do you notice about the each set of apples? You should be able to observe visible differences between the two apples. The apple that was not treated with salt should have begun to rot while the other apple remained fairly intact. Rotting is caused when bacteria cause a chemical reaction and break down substances. Because bacteria are a living system, it needs water to survive. Salt and baking soda suck the water out of objects, which is why salt keeps food from rotting.
Many civilizations such as the ancient Egyptians, Aztecs, Incans, and African tribes used natural preservatives like salt and sulfur as well as their naturally hot and dry climates to mummify their dead.
Science Extension: Material Exploration
There are many different types of salt such as table salt, Epson salt, sea salt, and Himalayan salt. Explore which of these types of salt are the best food preservers. Also, try other ways to remove water such as using dry rice, or heat. Which of these methods work the best?